Synchronized Operando Analysis of Graphite Negative Electrode of Li-Ion Battery

Since the rechargeable Li-ion battery was invented in early 1990s, its performance has evolved continually and batteries are now installed most mobile devices. In these batteries, graphite is used as a negative electrode material. However, detailed reaction mechanism between Li remains unclear. Here we apply synchrotron X-ray diffraction, 7 Li-nuclear magnetic resonance Raman spectroscopy to operando analysis of charge/discharge electrode. The spectrum measured repeatedly during reaction. dataset obtained then analyzed synchronously with composition x LiC estimated from curves. We propose synchronized method that provides useful information about behavior C–C bond vibration mode interactions carbon atoms due structural change addition, determine details intercalation mechanism.